Model Elements
On Thursday, January 31, 2008, we published an article written by Mike Hindmarsh titled: “The Chronic Care Model”. That model is described in detail on the ”improvingchroniccare.org” site. By way of linking Mr. Hindmarsh's article with that site (and for those readers who may be pressed for time) we reproduce here (with permission) a page taken from that site titled: “Model Elements”.
T he Chronic Care Model (CCM) identifies the essential elements of a health care system that encourage high-quality chronic disease care. These elements are the community, the health system, self-management support, delivery system design, decision support and clinical information systems. Evidence-based change concepts under each element, in combination, foster productive interactions between informed patients who take an active part in their care and providers with resources and expertise.
The Model can be applied to a variety of chronic illnesses, health care settings and target populations. The bottom line is healthier patients, more satisfied providers, and cost savings.
Development of the Chronic Care Model
The staff at the MacColl Institute for Healthcare Innovation developed the CCM by drawing on available literature about promising strategies for chronic illness management, and organizing that literature in a new more accessible way. The Model was further refined during a nine-month planning project supported by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and revised based on input from a large panel of national experts. It was then used to collect data and analyze innovative programs recommended by experts. RWJF funded the MacColl Institute to test the Model nationally across varied health care settings, creating the national program, "Improving Chronic Illness Care" (ICIC).
Refinements to the Chronic Care Model
In 2003, ICIC and a small group of experts updated the CCM to reflect advances in the field of chronic care both from the research literature and from the scores of health care systems that implemented the Model in their improvement efforts. We list more specific concepts under each of the six elements. Based on more recent evidence, five new themes were incorporated into the CCM:
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Patient Safety (in Health System);
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Cultural competency (in Delivery System Design);
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Care coordination (in Health System and Clinical Information Systems)
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Community policies (in Community Resources and Policies); and
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Case management (in Delivery System Design).
The Model element pages have been redesigned to reflect these updates. Each page describes the overall strategy for each element, and the health system change concepts necessary to achieve improvement in that component. The refinements have been emphasized in bold typeface for ready identification.
references
For more information on “The Chronic Care Model” please go to journal articles:
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Wagner EH. Chronic disease management: what will it take to improve care for chronic illness? Eff Clin Pract. 1998;1:2-4
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Wagner EH, Austin BT, Davis C, Hindmarsh M, Schaefer J, Bonomi A. Improving chronic illness care: translating evidence into action. Health Aff (Millwood). 2001;20:64-78
Taken and reproduced with permission from ”improvingchroniccare.org ” in conjunction with Mike Hindmarsh's article titled: “The Chronic Care Model ”.
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